Fed. R. Bankr. P. 9012
Oaths and Affirmations
(a) Who May Administer an Oath.
These persons may administer an oath or affirmation or take an acknowledgment: • a bankruptcy judge; • a clerk; • a deputy clerk; • a United States trustee; • an officer authorized to administer oaths in a proceeding before a federal court or by state law in the state where the oath is taken; or • a United States diplomatic or consular officer in a foreign country.
(b) Affirmation as an Alternative.
If an oath is required, a solemn affirmation suffices.
(As amended Mar. 30, 1987 , eff. Aug. 1, 1987 ; Apr. 30, 1991 , eff. Aug. 1, 1991 ; Apr. 2, 2024 , eff. Dec. 1, 2024 .)